PENCEGAHAN KANKER SERVIKS dgn CERVARIX/VAKSIN04/15/2011CERVARIX Pengenalan
- Vaksin ini mengandung antigen untuk HPV tipe 16 dan 18 yang menjadi penyebab lebih dari 70% kasus kanker serviks di dunia.1,2 - Vaksin kanker serviks GSK memberikan 100% perlindungan terhadap human papillomavirus (HPV) tipe 16 dan 18 yang terkait dengan lesi pra-kanker.2
Cervarix diformulasikan dengan teknologi sistem ajuvan ASO4. ASO4 mendorong terbentuknya respon kekebalan yang lebih kuat dan tahan lama dibandingkan dengan ajuvan alumunium tradisional.5 Semua perempuan berisiko terinfeksi kanker serviks selama hidup mereka , tanpa memandang usia dan gaya hidup
- Diperkirakan hingga 50-80% perempuan akan mengalami infeksi HPV dalam hidup mereka, 7-9 dan hingga 50% persen infeksi tersebut berpotensi menyebabkan kanker. 9-11 Risiko infeksi terjadi sejak kontak seksual yang pertama. 12
Indikasi Cervarix
Vaksin ini telah menunjukkan khasiat melawan infeksi menetap yang disebabkan oleh tipe HPV onkogenik lainnya selain HPV 16 dan HPV 18. 20
Keamanan
HPV dan KANKER SERVIKS Seputar Kanker Serviks - Di dunia, sekitar 500.000 perempuan di diagnosa menderita kanker serviks dan rata-rata 270.000 kematian setiap tahunnya. 1 - Perempuan yang aktif secara seksual memiliki risiko terinfeksi kanker serviks atau tahap awal penyakit ini tanpa memandang usia atau gaya hidup. - Kasus baru kanker serviks 40 – 45/ hari 9-10 - Jumlah kematian karena kanker serviks 20 – 25/ hari9-10 - Setiap satu jam, seorang perempuan meninggal karena kanker serviks9-10 Bagaimana mendeteksi kanker serviks? HPV – virus penyebab kanker serviks - HPV tipe 16, 18, 45, 52 dan 31 merupakan penyebab lebih dari 80% kasus kanker serviks di Asia Pasifik19 Setiap perempuan berisiko terjangkit kanker serviks selama hidup mereka, tanpa memandang usia dan gaya hidup - Diperkirakan 50 – 80 % perempuan mengalami infeksi HPV melaui kontak kelamin dalam hidup mereka, 3,21,22 dan berpotensi menyebabkan kanker hingga 50%. 22-24 Risiko infeksi terjadi sejak kontak seksual yang pertama. 25 Pencegahan dengan vaksinasi HPV - Vaksin akan meningkatkan kemampuan sistem kekebalan untuk mengenali dan menghancurkan virus ketika masuk ke dalam tubuh, sebelum terjadi infeksi. 37,38 Referensi: 1. Ferlay J, Bray P, Pizani P, Parkin DM. GLOBOCAN 2002: Cancer incidence, mortality and prevalence worldwide. IARC CancerBase No. 5, version 2.0. IARCPress, Lyon, 2004 2. Saslow D, et al. CA Cancer J Clin 2007;57;7-28 3. Baseman and Koutsky. The epidemiology of human papillomavirus infections, J Clin Virology 2005; 32S: S16-24 4. Munoz N, et al, Incidence, duration and determinants of cervical human papillomavirus infection in a cohort of Colombian women with normal cytological results, J Infect Dis, 2004, 190: 2077-87 5. Herrero et al. Population-Based Study of Human Papillomavirus Infection and Cervical Neoplasia in Rural Costa Rica. J of Natl Cancer Inst 2000; 92(6):464-474 6. Franco et al. Epidemiology of Acquisition and clearance of cervical human papillomavirus infection in women from a high risk area for cervical cancer. J Infect Dis 1999 ; 180 :1415-23 7. Sellors et al. Incidence, clearance and predictors of human papillomavirus in women. CMAJ . 2003 ; 168(4) : 421-5 8. Schiffman & Kruger Kjaer, Chapter 2: Natural History of Anogenital Human Papillomavirus Infection and Neoplasia J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2003; 31: 14-9 9. GLOBOCAN 2002. http ://www-dep.iarc.fr/ Last accessed 24th August 2006 10. Second Report of the National Cancer Registry, Cancer Incidence in Malaysia, 2003, http://www.acrm.org.my/ncr/ncrReport_2003.htm 11. NCIRS (National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases. Human papillomavirus vaccines for Australians: Information for GPs and Immunisation providers. September 2006 12. Schiller J and Davies P. Delivering on the promise: HPV vaccines and cervical cancer. Nat Rev Microbiol 2004; 2:343-347 13. Kitchener HC, Castle PE, Cox JT. Chapter 7: Achievements and limitations of cervical cytology screening. Vaccine 2006; 24S3: S3/63-S3/70 14. Chew GK, Cruickshank ME, Rooney PH et al. Human papillomavirus 16 infection in adenocarcinoma of the cervix, British Journal of Cancer 2005; 93: 1301-1304. 15. De Villiers EM. Heterogeneity of the Human Papillomavirus Group. J Virology 1989; 63: 4898-903. 4. 796-802 16. Bosch FX et al. Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus in Cervical Cancer: A Worldwide Perspective. J Natl Cancer Inst 1995; 87: 796-802 17. Muñoz N, Bosch FX, de Sanjosé S, Herrero R, Castellsagué X, Shah KV, Snijders PJ, Meijer CJ; International Agency for Research on Cancer Multicenter Cervical Cancer Study Group. Epidemiologic classification of human papillomavirus types associated with cervical cancer. N Engl J Med. 2003 Feb 6;348(6):518-27 18. Munoz N, Bosch X, Castellsagué X et al. Against which human papillomavirus types shall we vaccinate and screen? The international perspective. Int J Cancer 2004; 111: 278-85 19. McIntosh N, Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer JHPIEGO strategy paper No. 8, May 2000. Available at http://www.jhpiegopubs/category_detail.asp?category_id=4. Accessed 7 June 2007 20. Ho GY, Bierman R, Beardsley L, Chang CJ, Burk RD. Natural history of cervicovaginal papillomavirus infection in young women. N Engl J Med 1998; 338: 423-428 21. Brown DR, Shew ML, Qadadri B, Neptune N, Vargas M, Tu W, Juliar BE, Breen TE, Fortenberry JD. 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Incidence, prevalence, and clearance of type- specific human papillomavirus infections: The Young Women’s Health Study. J Infect Dis 2002; 186: 462-9 26. Carter et al, Comparison of Human Papillomavirus Types 16,18, and 6 Capsid Antibody Responses Following Incident Infection, J Infect Dis 2000; 181: 1911-9 27. Ho et al, Natural history of human papillomavirus type 16 virus-like particle antibodies in young women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2004;13(1):110-6. 28. Viscidi et al, Prevalence of antibodies to human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 virus-like particles in relation to cervical HPV infection among college women, Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 1997, 4(2): 122-26. 29. Viscidi et al. Seroreactivity to Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Types 16,18, or 31 and Risk of Subsequent HPV Infection: Results from a Population-Based Study in Costa Rica. Cancer Epi, Biomarkers & Prev 2004; 13: 324-327 30. Thomas KK et al. Concurrent and sequential acquisition of different genital human papillomavirus types. J Infect Dis 2000; 182: 1097-102 31. Trottier and Franco. Human Papillomavirus and Cervical Cancer. Burden of Illness and Basis for Prevention. Am J Manag Care 2006; 12:S462-S472 32. Harper DM et al. Sustained efficacy up to 4·5 years of a bivalent L1 virus-like particle vaccine against human papillomavirus types 16 and 18: follow-up from a randomised control trial. Lancet 2006;367:1247-55 33. Pedersen C et al. Immunization of Early Adolescent Females with Human Papillomavirus Type 16 and 18 L1 Virus-Like Particle Vaccine Containing AS04 Adjuvant. J Adol Health 2007; 40: 564-571 34. Schwarz TF, Dubin GO. An AS04 containing human papillomavirus (HPV) 16/18 vaccine for prevention of cervical cancer is immunogenic and well-tolerated in women 15-55 years old. American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), 1-5 June 2007:Abstract 35. Paavonen J, Jenkins D, Bosch FX, Naud P, Salmeron J, Wheeler CM, Chow SN, Apter DL, Kitchener HC, Castellsague X, de Carvalho NS, Skinner SR, Harper DM, Hedrick JA, Jaisamrarn U, Limson GA, Dionne M, Quint W, Spiessens B, Peeters P, Struyf F, Wieting SL, Lehtinen MO, Dubin G; HPV PATRICIA study group. Efficacy of a prophylactic adjuvanted bivalent L1 virus-like-particle vaccine against infection with human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 in young women: an interim analysis of a phase III double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2007 Jun 30;369(9580):2161-70. 36. Schiller J and Davies P. Delivering on the promise: HPV vaccines and cervical cancer. Nat Rev Microbiol 2004; 2:343-347 37. Mandic A and Vujkov T. Human papillomavirus vaccine as a new way of preventing cervical cancer: a dream or the future? Annals of Oncology 2004; 15: 197-200 38. Goldie SJ, Grima D, Kohli M, Wright TC, Weinstein M, Franco E. A comprehensive natural history model of HPV infection and cervical cancer to estimate the clinical impact of a prophylactic HPV-16/18 vaccine. Int J Cancer 2003; 106: 896-904. 39. Goldie SJ, Grima D, Kohli M, Wright TC, Weinstein M, Bosch FX, Franco E. Projected clinical benefits and cost-effectiveness of a human papillomavirus 16/18 vaccine. J Natl Cancer Inst 2004; 96: 604-15. 40. Harper DM, Franco EL, Wheeler C, Ferris DG, Jenkins D, Schuind A, Zahaf T, Innis B, Naud P, De Carvalho NS, Roteli-Martins CM, Teixeira J, Blatter MM, Korn AP, Quint W, Dubin G; GlaxoSmithKline HPV Vaccine Study Group. Efficacy of a bivalent L1 virus-like particle vaccine in prevention of infection with human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 in young women: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2004; 364: 1757-65. 41. Kanker di Indonesia 2001, Data Histopatologik Tags: Asia, Cervarix, GlaxoSmithKline, Health, Human papillomavirus, Indonesia, Reproductive Health, Sexually transmitted disease |